Namgyal defeated three Tibetan invasions, subjugated rival religious schools, codified the Tsa Yig legal system, and established a government of theocratic and civil administrators. During the 16th century, Ngawang Namgyal unified the valleys of Bhutan into a single state. In the first millennium, the Vajrayana school of Buddhism spread to Bhutan from the southern Pala Empire of Bengal. The capital and largest city is Thimphu, holding close to 1/7th of the population.īhutan and neighbouring Tibet experienced the spread of Buddhism which originated in the Indian subcontinent during the lifetime of Gautama Buddha. The wildlife of Bhutan is notable for its diversity, including the Himalayan takin and golden langur. Gangkhar Puensum is Bhutan's highest peak and is the highest unclimbed mountain in the world. In the Bhutanese Himalayas, there are peaks higher than 7,000 metres (23,000 ft) above sea level. The subalpine Himalayan mountains in the north rise from the country's lush subtropical plains in the south. Vajrayana Buddhism is the state religion and the Je Khenpo is the head of state religion. Bhutan is a constitutional monarchy with a king ( Druk Gyalpo) as the head of state and a prime minister as the head of government.
The country has a population of over 727,145 and territory of 38,394 square kilometres (14,824 sq mi) and ranks 133rd in terms of land area and 160th in population. Nepal and Bangladesh are located near Bhutan but do not share a border with it.
The exonym Bhutan likely derives from the Prakrit hybrid word Bhŏṭṭaṃta, a name referring to its geographical proximity to Tibet. A mountainous country, Bhutan is known locally as "Druk Yul" or "Land of the Thunder Dragon", a name reflecting the cultural heritage of the country. Without proper rendering support, you may see very small fonts, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of Tibetan characters.īhutan ( / b uː ˈ t ɑː n/ ( listen) boo- TAHN Dzongkha: འབྲུག་ཡུལ་, romanized: Druk Yul ), officially the Kingdom of Bhutan ( Dzongkha: འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་ཁབ་, romanized: Druk Gyal Khap), is a landlocked Southern Asian country, which is situated in the Eastern Himalayas, between China in the north and India in the south.
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